JOURNAL SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REAL-TIME LOAD TRACKING TECHNOLOGIES

Anton Antonov — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) are key technologies in asset tracking and management. Although they may look similar at first glance, they have different characteristics, advantages and disadvantages that make them suitable for different applications.

DETERMINING THE QUANTITIES OF WASTE STREAMS

Iva Takova — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this research, we examine and distinguish the waste that is landfilled at the local level, this is the process by which unwanted and unnecessary waste is disposed of. We can distinguish them by defining and evaluating them properly. There is a law that states that municipal programs for waste management are sectoral programs and are an integral part of municipal programs for environmental protection. We will also consider the objectives guaranteeing the achievement of the general objective of the Plan. We will consider the equations by which the amount of household waste generated is determined.

ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC WHEN SYSTEMATIZING INFORMATION FLOWS IN LAN LOGISTICS

Stefan Kazakov — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The paper presents research of the traffic when systematizing information flows in logistics. Ethernet is one of the most popular networks, especially if equal access networks are to be built and maintained. Ethernet is widely used to control machines, production lines and even entire production plants. However, working in real-time mode sometimes creates conflicts in certain actuators which are time-sensitive to the commands sent to them. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the average delay time and time dispersion of the LAN Ethernet, to be able to meet the requirements for real-time operation in logistics.

A DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DESIGN MODEL

Andrey Bogdanov — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Large varieties of mathematical programming models have been developed to provide decision support to the design engineer. The paper deals with some of the problems and offers practical solutions.

A MODERN SOLUTION THAT HAS A POSITIVE IMPACT ON LOGISTICS SERVICES AND SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES INTERSECTION FATALITIES

Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Year after year, the problems on the world's roads are getting worse. According to the UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) 2006 Report on the 1968 Geneva Convention "Road Signs and Signals", the rules are periodically updated to take into account the growing demands for human safety, environmental protection, and the rapid development of technological progress around the world (Report IEC UN, New York and Geneva, 2007). Unfortunately, for about a hundred years now, no drastic measures have been taken against the causes of road traffic accidents around the world. Our research is focused on reducing intersection congestion, traffic accidents, and related deaths. A new road sign and traffic light were invented. According to the conclusions of domestic and foreign scientists, the invented sign and traffic light should be a great success in practice.

STUDYING THE APPLICATION OF CAD/CAM/CAE SYSTEMS IN THE DESIGN OF COMPONENTS FOR PERSONAL BALLISTIC PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

Stamen Antonov, Mariela Ivanova — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The article presents a study of the possibilities for applying the virtual set of tools for 3D modeling, manipulation, and testing of components that are part of individual ballistic protection equipment.

INVESTIGATING THE NETWORK TRAFFIC USING THE COMMAND-LINE PACKETS SNIFFER TCPDUMP IN KALI LINUX

Petar Boyanov — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this scientific article a comprehensive investigation of the network traffic using the command-line packets sniffer Tcpdump in kali Linux is made.

BASIC NETWORK PENETRATION TESTING WITH THE NETWORK TOOL NETCAT IN LINUX-BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS

Petar Boyanov — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this scientific article a basic network penetration testing with the network tool Netcat in Linux-based operating systems is presented.

ON THE CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE OF SHUMEN FROM THE XIX CENTURY AND ON THE ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN THE CITY

Milena Georgieva — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

During the period XV – XIX century, Shumen was an important administrative center in the Ottoman Empire because of its strategic location, favorable weather and its natural defenses. In the 19th century, the residents of Shumen had the opportunity to develop modern trade, crafts, to apply technological innovations in their manufacturing, to improve the economy and the everyday lives of its population.

Content of vol. 25, 2023, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Content of vol. 25, 2023, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

International Editorial Board of vol. 25 No. 1 (2023): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

International Editorial Board of vol. 25 No. 1 (2023): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

A MODEL FOR EVALUATING INFORMATION SECURITY SYSTEMS IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES AND ASSESSING ITS IMPACT ON INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES

Zuhran Kadieva, Krasimira Dimitrova — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Globalization covers all spheres of life and economy in the modern world. The innovative development of information and communication technologies is a key factor in maintaining the competitiveness of companies on local, regional and global markets, which, however, is associated with certain risks. Information systems contribute to increasing the productivity of companies by catalyzing innovation and thus organizations gain an advantage over other players in their market. This process over the last few decades has established itself as a determining factor in the global market. The innovative development strategy of companies leads to competitive recovery, expansion and consolidation of market positions. In the fight against competitors, companies are looking for new solutions to optimize business, introducing intelligent information technologies in order to reduce the probability of making incorrect management decisions that would lead to adverse consequences.

DISCOVERING WIRELESS NETWORKS VIA MODIFIED SCRIPTS IMPLEMENTING LINEAR ALGORITHMS FOR LINUX BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS

Petar Boyanov — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this scientific paper modified scripts, implementing linear algorithms for discovering wireless networks in Linux based operating systems are presented.

USING MODIFIED SNIFFER SCRIPTS, IMPLEMENTING LINEAR ALGORITHMS FOR DETECTION OF NETWORK PORT SCAN ATTACKS IN LINUX BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS

Petar Boyanov — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this scientific paper modified sniffer scripts, implementing linear algorithms for detection of network port scan attacks in Linux based operating systems are presented.

SYSTEM FOR REAL-TIME MONITORING OF TEMPERATURE, AIR HUMIDITY AND ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

Krasimir Kordov, Stanislav Vichev — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In the present article, we present a system for monitoring the quality of air by measuring the temperature, air humidity and atmosphere pressure. The system uses Arduino microcontroller and BME280 for measuring and the obtained data is stored in database. The web based application provides real-time graphical representation of the data or the data for fixed period of time.

ANCIENT METALLURGY IN THE BULGARIAN LANDS

Stella Doncheva — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Ancient metallurgy is a broad concept and is associated both with mining and metalworking, and in many cases is evidence of their existence. Data on metalworking are indirect evidence of the development of mining. Metal implements, weapons, and ornaments were the most mobile material, and metal and its articles were one of the main objects of ancient barter. The development of metallurgy became one of the main drivers of economic life during different historical eras, and the territory of Bulgaria is no exception, but on the contrary, it is one of the places where this activity originated and developed for centuries.

ENGINEERING DOCUMENTATION OF ARCHAELOGICAL EXCAVATIONS OF THE SITE “EARLY (WOODEN) FORTIFICATION” IN THE INNER CITY OF PLISKA AS PART OF THE CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA

Svetlozar Stoyanov — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The current paper presents briefly and in general terms the horizontal geodesic survey done by angle measurement, as well as the engineering documentation of the results of the stage from the archaeological excavations of the site “Early (wooden) fortification“ in the Inner city of Pliska in 2019.

HYDROGRAPHIE SOME FACTUAL AND LEGAL DIMENSIONS OF THE FENOMENON “TRAFFICING IN HUMAN BEINGS”

Yana Nikolova — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The report examines some factual and legal aspects of the fenomenon of human trafficking.The factual and normative manifestations are considered as interpenetrating indivisibility. The legal essence of the crime “human trafficking” is clarified, and its main composition is analyzed. Parallels have been drawn with nearby phenomena, somethimes leading to trafficking – migration and channeling. The social aspects of the phenomenon are analyzed and a multidisciplinary approach is proposed to deal with the problem threatening migrationnational security.

A CRYPTOGRAPHY COMPETITION FOR STUDENTS

Lyuba Petrova — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

This article presents the processes of preparation and holding of a cryptography competition among fifth and sixth-graders. The objectives of the games are to introduce the science of cryptography to the students, to develop their logical thinking, creativity, competitive spirit and teamwork skills. By having fun, they were able to develop themselves.

HYDROGRAPHIE ACOUSTIC SYSTEMS - MEASUREMENT PRINCIPLES

Evgeni Stoykov — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Hydrography is an applied science that deals with the study of the bottom and shores of the world ocean (all oceans and seas), lakes, rivers and dams, i.e. all natural and artificial water bodies. Hydrographic research is the study of individual areas of the hydrosphere, including the design, implementation of hydrographic works, processing and analysis of the collected data.

INFORMATION EXTRACTION FROM MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGES

Neli Zdravcheva — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The article analyzes various methods and approaches of modern remote sensing that can be used in the processing of multispectral satellite images in order to effectively extract visual information about territories for which preliminary data is not available. Attention is paid to the creation of new derivative images (synthesized and indexed) and to performing pixel-oriented computer non supervised classification. A series of experiments have been made that clearly reveal the advantages and conveniences of remote retrieval of information from multispectral satellite images in a territory for which reference objects and other data acquired in situ are not available.

FACADE SURVEYING USING TRADITIONAL ANGULARLINEAR MEASUREMENTS AND 2D SOFTWARE

Ivan Ivanov — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

To solve complex urban planning and architectural-artistic tasks related to the determination of the spatial location of the existing external elements of the building, in practice it is often necessary to carry out geodetic surveying of building facades. Photographing facades is used in reconstructions of buildings or restorations of cultural monuments, preservation of cultural heritage, photographing archaeological sites, carrying out various types of research activities and analyses, designing suspended facades, cladding and joinery, preparing a working layout plan etc.

ABOUT THE CHOICE OF PARAMETERS WHEN REPRESENTING THE NORMAL EARTH AS A REFERENCE FRAME IN GEODESY

Krasimira Kirilova, Kiril Yanchev — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

When using the Normal Earth as a reference frame, it is allowed to choose its parameters approximately, provided that there will be no difficulties in linearizing the boundary values. In many cases, however, it is convenient to find specific solutions corresponding to the selection of the Normal Earth parameters best suited to the real Earth. Thus, it is of interest to determine, as far as possible, the exact values of these parameters.

PROPERTY REGISTRY. CREATION AND CONTENT

Mirem Niyazi-Yusuf — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The property register is a data system for real estate on the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria and consists of the lots of individual properties. It contains the acts that recognize, transfer, amend or terminate the right of ownership or other real right to real estate. The foreclosures and mortgages of NI are included in the property register. The register shows the status of the specified circumstances after the last entry and makes it possible to follow chronologically the changes in the entered circumstances, as well as the entered acts. In the Property Register inquiries can be made about the ownership of the properties, the owners and the real rights and restrictions on them. Inquiries in the register can be made on-site at the registration offices in the country or via the Internet after payment of a fee specified in the price list and registration of the user.

Content of vol. 24, 2023, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Content of vol. 24, 2023, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

International Editorial Board of vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

International Editorial Board of vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

ALGORITHM OF OPERATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF BULGARIAN POSTS PLC

Anatoli Stoyanov, Stefan Kazakov, Veselina Kodzheykova — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The report examines the main activities of the management technology of Bulgarian Posts and defines the organization and factors of management processes. The proposed algorithm aims to validate these interconnected relationships that make up a logistics system. An approach was adopted for mathematical modeling of operations and criteria for evaluating socio-economic indicators.

CLASSIFICATION OF INFORMATION FLOWS IN LOGISTICS

Stefan Kazakov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The report presents a traffic study of information flows in logistics in a local area network built according to the 802.3 standard. The study of network performance is according to the number of computers in communication.

A COMPREHENSIVE SCANNING FOR OPEN, CLOSED AND FILTERED PORTS IN THE COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper a comprehensive scanning for open, closed and filtered ports in the computer systems and networks is made.

IMPLEMENTATION OF MODIFIED NETWORK PORT SCANNER FOR WINDOWS BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper a modified network port scanner for Windows based operating systems implementing a linear algorithm is developed.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE APPLICATION FOR NETWORK PORT SCANNING IN ANDROID BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper implementation of software application using linear algorithm for network port scanning in android based operating systems is made.

IMPLEMENTATION OF MODIFIED SCRIPT FOR LINUX BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS USING A LINEAR ALGORITHM FOR NETWORK PORT SCANNING

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The Python programming language has various module libraries for network scanning of hosts. In this paper the performance and implementation of a modified script for Linux based operating systems using a linear algorithm for network port scanning is presented.

INACCURACIES IN AREA OBJECTS TRANSFERRED FROM THE MAP OF THE RESTORED PROPERTY TO THE CADASTRAL MAP

Mirem Niyazi-Yusuf — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The cadastral map and cadastral registers are created under conditions of maximum use of the existing map of the restored property and the current cadastral plans of the settlements. In the practice of the Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre Agency - in the process of creating a cadastral map and cadastral registers and maintaining the already approved cadastral map and cadastral registers in an up-to-date state, discrepancies are found in the non-urbanized territory, which are transferred to the cadastral map and cadastral registers registers from the restored property map.

REMOTE SENSING OF THE STATE OF THE VEGETATION COVER OF THE TERRITORY OF THE BULGARIAN BLACK SEA

Neli Zdravcheva — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

This paper is devoted to the multispectral processing of satellite images in order to establish the actual state of the vegetation cover. As a result of conducted experiments, the vegetation on the territory of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast was studied. For this purpose, new indexed images have been generated from appropriately selected multispectral images, which visually reveal the actual state of the vegetation cover and provide objective and timely data. They could serve to manage and other decisions (in the field of ecology, forestry, agriculture, etc.), for environmental assessments and expertise, for scientific research and other projects.

GEODETIC BASIS WHEN PERFORMING MARINE HYDROGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS

Evgeni Stoykov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Geodetic network is the set of permanently stabilized points on the earth's surface, the position of which is determined in a single coordinate and altitude system (X, Y and H) accepted in a given country. When creating geodetic networks, the basic principle from the "general to the private" must be respected, i.e. one must go from the "big to the small".

MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE STUDY, PRESERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE

Sabin Ivanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The new technologies, which will be briefly described below, provide opportunities for documenting cultural and historical structures as a whole and individual details with absolute accuracy and credibility, completely eliminating the subjective factor, speed, representativeness, usability in design.

Content of vol. 23, 2022, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Content of vol. 23, 2022, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

International Editorial Board of vol. 23 No. 1 (2022): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

International Editorial Board of vol. 23 No. 1 (2022): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

ANALYSIS OF RFID SYSTEMS IN LOGISTICS

Anton Antonov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The application of radio frequency identification is constantly expanding. The technology is sought in industries where control over the movement of objects, intelligent automation solutions, the ability to work in harsh working conditions, trouble-free operation, speed and reliability are required. By applying RFID, it is possible to track the movement of goods in real time, speed up the process of receiving and sending goods, increase the reliability and transparency of operations, and reduce the influence of the human factor.

OVERVIEW OF THE MODULES FOR BUILDING A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Daniel Denev — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Recent technological advances have enabled the development of low-cost, low-power and multifunctional sensor devices. These nodes are autonomous devices with integrated sensing, processing, and communication capabilities. A sensor is an electronic device that is capable of detecting environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, chemicals, or the presence of certain objects. Sensors are generally equipped with data processing and communication capabilities. The sensing circuitry measures parameters from the environment surrounding the sensor and transforms them into electric signals

TESTING AMD RYZEN MICROPROCESSOR AND ITS ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Daniel Denev — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper, we show a case study of Ryzen processor energy efficiency using SPECjbb2015 as the workload. We analyze it in comparison to Phenom II, a CPU of previous generation from the same manufacturer AMD. In terms of maxi-mum transaction throughput, Ryzen performs 218% of Phenom. With the response time constraint, the relative performance of Ryzen is 288%. In the energy efficiency, Ryzen achieves 309% (at maximum throughput) and 389% (with response time constraints) of Phenom. Dynamic frequency scaling (DFS) is effective for reducing the power consumption of both processors, but the load levels at which DFS is most effective are quite different.

SYNTHESIS AND ANALYSIS OF LINEAR, DISCRETE AND TIMEINVARIANT SYSTEMS, USED IN THE FIELD OF COMMUNICATIONS, USING MATLAB AND SIGNAL PROCESSING TOOLBOX

Daniel Denev, Tsvetoslav Tsankov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Synthesis and Analysis of Linear Discrete Time-Invariant Systems Applied in Communications Using MATLAB and Signal Processing Toolbox: The paper presents the main steps in the process of synthesizing and analyzing linear discrete time-invariant systems applied in the field of communications. The simulation results of the systems implementing pre-emphasis and de-emphasis and removing DC offset are given in the paper such as impulse responses, frequency responses and pole-zero plots using MATLAB and Signal Processing Toolbox.

MODEL OF A TERMINAL NETWORK DEVICE BASED ON A SINGLE-CHIP MICROCONTROLLER AND ETHERNET INTERFACE

Daniel Denev, Tsvetoslav Tsankov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Model of a terminal network device based on a single-chip microcontroller and Ethernet interface: In the present work, a training model of a terminal network device based on a single-chip microcontroller and Ethernet interface is built, allowing the implementation of various functional tasks:

⎯ reading of digital and analog sensors
⎯ relay output control
⎯ visualization of information with digital – alphanumeric display

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PROGRAMMABLE DEVICES WITH ANALOG AND DIGITAL INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

Milen Petkov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In the present article, single-board programmable devices suitable for control of automation processes are considered. A comparative analysis of specific models of the most common single-board computers, suitable for this purpose.

PROTECTION AGAINST THE ELECTROMAGNETIC STRENGTH OF THE RADIO WAVES IN COMMUNICATION RADIO NETWORKS

Dragomir Vasilev — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper presents protection methods against Electromagnetic straight of the radio waves in communication radio networks. Examples of personal protective equipment for monitoring EMF when working near transmitting devices. Personal Monitor. When an electric current flows through the human body, cells and tissues prevent the movement of charged particles. The value of the resistance depends on the type and condition of the cells, the value and frequency of the applied voltage and the duration.

ANALYSIS AND MONITORING THE NETWORK TRAFFIC IN THE PROCESS OF CONNECTING TO INDUSTRIAL SIEMENS CONTROLLERS

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper analysis and monitoring of network traffic in the process of connecting to industrial Siemens controllers in the Faculty of Technical Sciences is made.

THE CHANGE OF IDENTITY-PROCESS FROM THE SOCIAL SYSTEM

Tsvetelina Metodieva — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

According to scientific experts, in the coming years humanity will be in a process of general demographic transition, after which either the population of the planet will stabilize or an era of slight, prolonged and monotonous decline will begin. The reason for all this is the anthropogenic flow, which is gradually becoming an object of state administration, and at the same time is at the center of the scientific report.

TYPES OF MIGRATION

Tsvetelina Metodieva — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Migration in Europe is not a new phenomenon. It is estimated that in 1945 there were over 40 million refugees and internally displaced persons in Europe. The military conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa over the last few years, as well as the war in Ukraine, have created a huge wave of refugees heading for the Old Continent.

ERROR IN DETERMINING THE PERMANENT CORRECTION OF THE MEASURED DISTANCE BY A GROUND LASER SCANNER

Kiril Yanchev — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The subject of the research is to make a correct assessment of the error in determining the constant correction of the measured distance and to choose a model for their removal, which will allow achieving the required accuracy and high productivity with minimal material costs when performing laser measurements.

THE INFLUENCE OF TURBOLITY ON LASER SIGNALS

Kiril Yanchev — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The subject of the research is to make a correct assessment of the vibrations and to choose a model for their elimination, which will allow achieving the required accuracy and high productivity with minimal material costs when performing laser measurements.

THE INFLUENCE OF AIR DENSITY ON RECEIVED LASER SIGNALS

Kiril Yanchev — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The subject of the research is to make a correct assessment of the atmospheric parameters and to choose a model for their removal, achieving the required accuracy and high productivity with minimal material costs when conducting laser measurements.

METHOD FOR BUILDING A WORKING GEODETIC NETWORK OF REFLECTIVE MARKS FOR CONSTRUCTION NEEDS

Petyo Spasov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The work in the implementation of construction works for large production buildings, residential complexes, airports, sports complexes, examination of deformations and many other activities that require precise geodetic measurements can be optimized during and quality through the creation and use of geodetic reflective marks. The article discusses how to stabilize and measure the working base and part of the processing theory.

MONITORING OF THE STATUS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES

Sabin Ivanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The topic of cultural heritage and its preservation has always been part of the public and professional debate about the development of the regions and their future. In the territorial planning of modern settlements as the duty of specialists is the entry of history into the modern urban structure and spaces. The problems in the management of territories occupied by cultural monuments are dictated rather by the lack of a single and sustainable practice valid for all sites, which ensures security and sustainable development with a balanced protection of the interests of all those affected.

CARCINOMA GLANDULAE PAROTIS AND BLOOD GROUP AFFILIATION

Maria Boycheva, Biljana Boycheva, Velislav Todorov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The current study included 83 patients with Ca glandulae parotis (72 men and 11 women) whose blood group affiliation to the AB0 and Rhesus factor systems was monitored. A comparison was made with a control group of healthy individuals from the modern Bulgarian population. The distribution of the blood groups in the sample was different from that of the control group (p <0.001). There was a significant increase in the prevalence of persons with blood group B (p <0.001), and a significant decrease in groups 0 (p <0.001) and A (p <0.05). In group AB, a slight increase in frequency was detected. With respect to the Rhesus factor, there was an increase in the patients with positive Rhesus factor - by 9.23% to 93.94% (p<0.05). It can be assumed that, among other risk factors, belonging to group B and having a positive Rhesus factor are one of the reasons for the appearance and development of the disease.

Content of vol. 22, 2022, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Content of vol. 22, 2022, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

International Editorial Board of vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

International Editorial Board of vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

DETERMINATION OF CRITERIA FOR THE EFFICIENCY OF AUTOMATION AND PRESENTATION OF RELATED FACTORS

Svetla Peeva — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The object of definition of the present development are the criteria for efficiency from the implementation of automated equipment, and the accompanying risk assessment factors. The presentation of the three main variants of automation and their comparison with its social and economic efficiency, aims to facilitate the selection of the appropriate configuration of technological units to meet real human needs and protect business interests.

IMPACT REPORTING THE RESULTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTOMATED EQUIPMENT ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF COMPANIES

Svetla Peeva — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The present study aims to show the direct and indirect impact of process automation on the degree of competitiveness of a company. The subject of comparison are the approaches in the choice of a model of technological equipment and the social and economic efficiency. The relationship between benefits and risks in making such important for business development decisions is analyzed.

ARCHEOLOGICAL DRAWINGS WHEN GRAPHIC ENGINEERING DOCUMENTING OF EXCAVATIONS AT OBJECTS WITH CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE

Svetlozar Stoyanov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The suggested paper tries go present in brief and in general the types of archeological drawings when graphic engineering documenting of excavations at objects with cultural and historical heritage.

ANALYSIS OF THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF OUTSOURCING

Yordanka Yankova –Yordanova — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

With outsourcing growth expected in the years to come, it is time to learn more about this topic. Before we move forward, it’s imperative to compare the pros and cons of outsourcing. And it's also very important to understand the effect outsourcing can have on companies.

ANALYSIS OF A STEGANOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR HIDING ONE IMAGE IN ANOTHER IMAGE USING MATLAB AND IMAGE PROCESSING TOOLBOX

Daniel Denev — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Analysis of a Steganographic Method for Hiding an Image into a Cover Image Using MATLAB and Image Processing Toolbox: The paper presents an algorithm for hiding a 24-bit color image in bmp format in another 24-bit color image also in bmp format. The algorithm is based on the least-significant bit method and is implemented using MATLAB and Image Processing Toolbox. This algorithm can be applied for 100% reconstruction of the hidden image when four cover images are used.

ANALYSIS OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR OPTICAL CABLES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERWATER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

Daniel Denev, Tsvetoslav Tsankov — Sun, 26 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Analysis of the requirements for underwater transmission systems using optical fibers: The purpose of this article is to explain the fundamentals of the optical fibers for underwater placement. The specific requirements for the creation of underwater transmission systems are defined by the extreme environment. A general analysis of the current optic fiber has been conducted and their main characteristics are presented

ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT IN CITIES AND RESIDENTIAL AREAS

Dragomir Vasilev — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper presents Electromagnetic Environment in cities. It noted that in the field of living hygiene, the concept of "risk" and safety of life is not sufficiently developed. This situation is preserved to this day, which creates real preconditions for the formation of unfavorable living conditions with damage to the health of the population. It was not until 1996 that the first hygiene standards for EMF levels were used when using consumer goods at home.

BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

Dragomir Vasilev — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper presents biological effect of the Electromagnetic field. The human body consists of cells, tissues, organs with different electrical characteristics. When an electric current flows through the human body, cells and tissues prevent the movement of charged particles. The value of the resistance depends on the type and condition of the cells, the value and frequency of the applied voltage and the duration.

USING VMWARE VSPHERE HYPERVISOR ESXI 6.5.0 FOR VIRTUALIZATION OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM KALI LINUX (64- BIT) FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES IN THE FACULTY OF TECHNICAL SCIENCES

Petar Boyanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper using VMware vSphere hypervisor ESXi 6.5.0 for virtualization of the operating system Kali Linux (64-bit) for educational purposes in the Faculty of Technical Sciences is made.

VIRTUALIZATION OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM MICROSOFT WINDOWS 10 (64-BIT) VIA VMWARE VSPHERE HYPERVISOR ESXI 6.5.0 FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES IN THE FACULTY OF TECHNICAL SCIENCES

Petar Boyanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In this paper virtualization of the operating system Microsoft Windows 10 (64-bit) via VMware vSphere Hypervisor ESXi 6.5.0 for educational purposes in well-equipped laboratories at the Faculty of Technical Sciences at the Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen is made.

THE ORGANIZATION AS A SUBJECT OF STUDY

Yana Nikolova — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The article examines the main internal mechanisms that build social organizations and nuances the differences between the structures in the state apparatus and the corporations.

POSSIBILITIES FOR ADAPTING SECURITY CULTURE MODEL AND ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR THE CORPORATE SECTOR

Vladimir Yankov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Each organization forms a unique organizational culture in accordance with the intentions and behavior of management, social and business environment in which it operates, the characteristics of employees, the presence of subcultures, etc. The characteristics of the organizational culture that are relevant to security form the security culture in that organization. It is important to implement security culture model and assessment tools for proper management of the human factors involved in security. This article explores the possibilities to adapt the existing models of security culture and the tools for its assessment for the needs of corporate sector.

MIGRATION AND SECURITY

Tsvetelina Metodieva — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The history of mankind is inextricably linked to the migration of huge masses of people from their native places to other territories. Migration is a set of different in nature territorial displacements of the population, which lead to a change of residence. Despite the constraints posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, migrants continue to make secret journeys, fleeing war, violence and poverty.

DATA QUALITY FOR HYDROGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS

Evgeni Stoykov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The main objective of most hydrographic measurements is to obtain basic data for the compilation of navigation maps with a focus on characteristics that may affect safe navigation. The hydrographic map is the final product of hydrographic exploration. Its accuracy and compliance depend on the quality of the data collected during the measurements.

PROBLEMS IN THE CONSERVATION AND EXPLOITATION OF OBJECTS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE

Sabin Ivanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The topic of preservation of cultural heritage is very important and is an integral part of National Security. It is up-to-date and timely. Its significance is determined by the scale and intensity of criminal attacks on cultural heritage, which have caused an increase in the need to update the system of measures to safeguard cultural values and overcome the underestimation of the protection of cultural heritage as a national security factor.

CONFLICT MANAGEMENT BY USING THE POSSIBILITIES OF COORDINATED OPTIMIZATION TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS

Hristo Кrachunov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

An analysis of the interests of the subjects in carrying out appropriate activities in which there is an exchange of goods and benefits is made in this research. The most common types of subjects and their target functions are identified in terms of opportunities for coherent optimization of their interests. Some opportunities for application of the principle of the agreed optimum for conflict management and sustainable development of the organizational and production systems are considered. Opportunities for building coalitions of entities working on the principle of the agreed optimum are also presented, which can be applied in modeling, measuring and managing business processes in the organizations and in building a strategic vision for the development of flexible manufacturing enterprises. Findings and conclusions are made about the applicability of the research.

BLOOD GROUP AFFILIATION OF THE CONTEMPORARY BULGARIAN POPULATION FROM THE AREA OF SHUMEN

Velislav Todorov, Maria Boycheva, Milen Boichev — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The present research studied the blood group affiliation to the AB0 and Rhesus factor systems of 200 people (100 men and 100 women) from the region of Shumen in comparison with a control group of contemporary Bulgarian population. The comparison revealed that in the group from the Shumen region there was an increase in the prevalence of groups 0 and B, and a decrease in the frequency of Rh-. Such a configuration is also observed in the comparison of Europeans with persons of Mongoloid origin. The obtained results give grounds to establishing a presence of certain eastern (Mongoloid) characteristics in the ethnogenesis of the population to which the studied individuals belong.

Content of vol. 21, 2021, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Content of vol. 21, 2021, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

International Editorial Board of vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

International Editorial Board of vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE DELAY INTRODUCED AS A RESULT OF ENCRYPTION/DECRYPTION OF VOICE TRANSMITTED OVER A VPN NETWORK

Daniel Denev — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the impact of the decoding/encoding process on the IP based voice transfer. A short analysis of the decoding/encoding algorithm has been made. Using the result from the conducted analysis evaluation model has been created. A series of simulations have been performed and the results are represented in graphical form.

QUALITY AND ITS PARAMETERS – A BASIC CRITERIUM FOR THE MOVEMENT OF THE MATERIAL FLOW IN THE LOGISTICS PROCESS

Vasko Ognyanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The aim of the paper is to present theoretical principles and practical recommendations for management of the logistics system and the parameters of material flows quality. The main approach for research of this problem is a set of scientific knowledge and special methods which allow the identification of the basic trends and characteristics for control of the quality parameters of the material flows. The paper presents the idea for the creation of a system to control the material flows quality in the logistics systems in order to optimize the general expenses and quality improvement.

METHODOLOGY FOR APPLICATION OF THE SYSTEM APPROACH IN DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A LOGISTICS CENTER

Svetla Peeva — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The object of consideration of the present development are the elements clarifying the order in the system, which contribute to the more accurate construction of a system approach. The step-by-step presentation of the steps in the creation of a new logistics center aims to facilitate the logistics activities in the design and construction of large logistics structures.

INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Svetlozar Stoyanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The suggested research aims to present a short and general overview of the integration of artificial intelligence in the supply chain management.

NEW APPLICATOIN OF LOGISTICS PROCESSING

Andrey Bogdanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The report analyzes the possibility of using analytic hierarchy process in logistics demand forecasting. It proposes a method to estimate parameters of the individual values of the analysis.

SPATIAL DATA MODELS

Sabin Ivanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Spatial data represents the shape, location, and spatial relationships of geographic features to other features. The form represents the geometry of the objects, the location is described by a list of x, y coordinates of discrete points of the objects, and the spatial connections (topological information) of the geographical objects determine the interaction between them. Spatial (coordinate) information can also include time-related data.

MODELLING OF GEOGRAPHICAL REALITY

Sabin Ivanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

From a cartographic point of view, mapping modeling can be defined as a method of creating mathematical models that are similar copies of objects of reality. They are divided into descriptive (visual) and predictive. This is the general classification of cartographic models. Descriptive models show existing objects or phenomena, as well as the links between them, presenting the results in an appropriate form that allows the user to identify them immediately. This type of model is simple and easy to create, and this reason makes it the most commonly used. The second type of cartographic model shows the predictive possibilities of the descriptive model and is called a predictive cartographic model. Predictive models require the introduction of factors and parameters that are important for the functioning of phenomena appearing in a particular territory.

PRINCIPLES OF GNSS

Sabin Ivanov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The most direct method for obtaining spatial information in digital form is the use of data from Polish geodetic measurements obtained from the global satellite location identification system. Global location systems GNSS belong to non-photographic recording systems of the group of remote methods for Earth measurements. The most popular system is GPS (Global Positioning System), designed and controlled by the US Department of Defense.

ADVANCED STOCHASTIC METHODS FOR MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEGRALS AND APPLICATIONS

Venelin Todorov, Valerij Dzhurov, Yuri Dimitrov, Ilian Tzvetkov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The problem for accurate evaluation of multidimensional integrals related to different areas has been presented. A comprehensive experimental study based on Faure and Hammersley low discrepancy sequences and Fibonacci based lattice rule has been done. Our tests show that the quasi-Monte Carlo algorithms under consideration are efficient tool for computing multidimensional integrals. This will be important in order to obtain more reliable results in some applications.

A COMPARISON OF SEVERAL STOCHASTIC TECHNIQUES FOR COMPUTATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEGRALS

Venelin Todorov, Valerij Dzhurov, Ilian Tzvetkov — Sat, 25 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

A comprehensive experimental study based on Sobol sequence, Importance Sampling and Fibonacci based lattice rule has been done. This is the first time the Sobol sequence has been compared with the Importance sampling method for the problem under consideration. The numerical tests show that the stochastic algorithms under consideration are efficient tool for computing multidimensional integrals. In order to obtain a more accurate and reliable interpretation of the results this is very important.

REMOVAL OF SIDE ILLUMINATION IN THE IMAGE PLANE IN TWO-MIRROR PANCRATYC SYSTEM FOR COLLIMATOR

Zhivko Zhekov — Fri, 24 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The specifics of certain tasks, which are solved by a collimator, as well as the large amounts of light losses in the optic materials which are used in the shortwave and longwave range of the optical specter require the development of mirror and mirror-lens systems. An advantage of these systems is the increased light transmission, small length and the possibility to correct the chromatic abberations. It should only be noted that in the two-component pancratyc systems with reflecting planes with constant optic characteristics there is a danger of illumination of the image plane by side rays – side illuminations. In two-mirror pancratyc system for a collimator it is necessary to exclude illumination of the image plane throughout the whole range of the components movement. In the development process formulas are derived and schemes are presented which help the vizualization when calculating the diaphragm in front of two-mirror pancratyc system and calculation of diaphragm which is located between the components of two-mirror pancratyc system. The results from the calculations of a diaphragm for two-mirror pancratyc system are presented in tables. The results from research of the diaphragms for two-mirror pancratyc sysmem make us conclude that the second method of preventing the image plane from side illuminations is the preferred one. It ensured smaller sized and less change in the diaphragm length.

Content of vol. 20, 2021, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Content of vol. 20, 2021, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

International Editorial Board of vol. 20 No. 1 (2021): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

International Editorial Board of vol. 20 No. 1 (2021): Journal Scientific and Applied Research

OPTIMAL GEOPOTENTIAL MODELS OF THE EARTH'S GRAVITATIONAL FIELD FOR THE TERRITORY OF SOUTHWESTERN BULGARIA - RILA MOUNTAIN

Krasimira Kirilova — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The subject of the study is to correctly select the most appropriate geopotential models of the Earth's gravitational field for the study area in order to make a more reliable assessment of the accuracy of local modelling of the geoid for the territory of Rila mountain.

PRESENTATION OF HORIZONTAL MOVEMENTS OF THE EARTH'S CRUST BY RESULTS OF GEODESIC MEASUREMENTS

Kiril Yanchev — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The subject of the study is to present a modern model of local horizontal movements of the Earth's crust in a fault zone with appropriate accuracy and representativeness through the results of precise GNSS measurements on a geodynamic site to analysis and evaluation of modern local geodynamic processes occurring in fault zones.

RESEARTCH OF A MODEL FOR APPLICATION OF ENGINEERING LOGISTICS IN THE MAINTENANCE SECTOR

Svetla Peeva — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The present study aims to present not logistics as a service in itself, but the logistics approach in a company falling into the services sector, the end product of which is the performance of technical activities. The object of study is the sector of technical services in particular the construction and future maintenance of building installations for automatic control.

SYNCHROMODAL LOGISTICS NETWORKS

Mariyan Rahnev — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The intermodal freight transportation is being discussed for decades as an alternative to the unimodal automobile transportation. However, it is still not a significant part of the total market of the freight transportation. A new and promising possibility for improvement the efficiency of the freight transportation systems is the synchromodal design of the transportation systems on the inside. A cornerstone for the synchromodality is the integrated view in the design and functioning of the intramodal transportation. With the synchromodal transportation we have a flexible and dynamic way of choosing the best transportation. Synchromodality can lead to a modal transition to a slower but more ecological ways of transport without compromising the cost or the quality. A prerequisite for synchromodal transportation is the ability to freely choose which transportation method to use and easily to switch from one method to another.

SIMULATION OF MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT WITH ANYLOGIC

Anton Antonov — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The application of a logistical approach has an impact on transport policy with regard to the development of freight transport systems. It is expressed in the possibility to increase the efficiency of the functioning of both the individual transport industries and the individual transport enterprise, as well as their integration [2]. In essence, combined transport is an effective integration of different modes of transport, ie. of individual transport operators and infrastructure companies in the context of the transport logistics chain. It is also known as intermodal or multimodal transport (MT).

TO THE NOTES ON THE KEY ELEMENTS OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN AND THE SPHERES OF LOGISTIC SOLUTIONS FOR THEIR MANAGEMENT

Svetlozar Stoyanov — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The research presents a short reference review of the key elements of the supply chain as characteristics of establishments and the spheres of logistic solutions for their management.

NOTES TO THE RESEARCH METHODS OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT

Plamen Dyankov, Svetlozar Stoyanov — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The choice of research methods essentially depends on the basic concept which corresponds to the nature and structure of the researched object and it suggests identity of the choice with their nature and composition.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A SYSTEM FOR PRIMARY PROCESSING OF SIGNALS IN AN OPTO-ELECTRONIC DEVICE OPERATION UNDER LOW-CONTRAST CONDITIONS

Zhivko Zhekov, Garo Mardirossian — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The energy efficiency of systems for primary processing of signals in optoelectronic devices is analyzed for the case of identification and study of remote objects against a bright background and under low-contrast conditions. A criterion is determined for evaluating the energy efficiency of the major unit of the system for primary signal processing the optic system, and some expressions are derived, relating the value of the signal-to-noise ratio at the device’s input with these criteria (amplification factor) and other “ideal” or “real” optic systems’ parameters. The specific thing here is the operation of the system for primary processing of signals when the value of recorded contrast equals 1 percent or less. As an evaluation criterion for the energy efficiency of this system, the signal-to-noise ratio is used. Comparative evaluation of various systems for primary processing of signals operating under low-contrast conditions and specific values of the signal-to-noise ratio is performed.
The operation analysis for the system for primary processing of information (signals) under low-contrast conditions is performed accounting for the impact of the optic system.
The evaluation criterion for the energy efficiency of the major unit of the system for primary processing of information (the optic system) is the amplification factor, which determines the limit value for the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the optic-electronic device.
The assumption is made that the flow, which determines the circle’s area, is uniformly distributed, which does not cause significant errors in evaluating the energy efficiency of the optic- electronic system.

NON-LINEAR RECEIVER REACTION OF IRRADIATION WITH COMPLEX SPECTRAL COMPOSITION

Zhivko Zhekov, Garo Mardirossian — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

One of the basic problems in elaboration of spectro-photometer for atmospheric ozone exploration at the Space Research Institute - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences seems to be the necessity of calculation of output signal of the irradiating receiver by fixed spectral composition and intensity. The calculation wouldn’t be difficult if the intensity values range is situated on the linear part of the irradiating receiver energetic characteristic. To the end, the absolutely spectral characteristic of receiver sensibility and spectral density of the treated receiver intensity has to be known. The paper is dedicated to the elaboration and the obtained results by offering and creating a method for definition the non-linear irradiating receiver output signal by fixed spectral composition and intensity. In the paper the obtained schemes and equations in the process of elaboration are presented characterizing the reaction of the photo-receiver complex spectral composition with nonlinear energetic characteristic.

Content of vol. 19, 2020, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Content of vol. 19, 2020, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

International Editorial Board of vol. 19, 2020, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

Petar Boyanov — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

International Editorial Board of vol. 19, 2020, Journal Scientific and Applied Research

A PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR CONDUCTING DATA PROTECTION IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND RISK ASSESSMENT IN AN ORGANIZATION

Goran Prodanov — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Two years after the enforcement of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) many organizations in Bulgaria are still experiencing problems with its implementation. Part of the reason is that there is a lack of methodological guidelines provided by the Bulgarian data protection authority (CPDP) on how to assess and manage the risk associated with the processing of personal data. Here is a basic structure of such methodology which can be used by organizations in the public and private sector alike. It is heavily influenced by the principles adopted by the French data protection authority (CNIL) which was the first to introduce such guidelines. The methodology can be implemented as is, or expanded according to the specific organizational needs.